During inhalation, which of the following occurs?

During inhalation, the diaphragm contracts and moves downward, which is a crucial part of the breathing process. When the diaphragm contracts, it increases the vertical dimension of the thoracic cavity. This contraction creates a negative pressure in the thoracic cavity relative to the atmospheric pressure outside the body. As a result, this negative pressure causes air to be drawn into the lungs.

Inhalation is an active process primarily driven by the contraction of the diaphragm. When this muscle contracts, it not only draws down but also flattens, allowing more space for the lungs to expand. Additionally, the intercostal muscles may also assist by contracting to elevate the ribs, further expanding the thoracic cavity.

The action of the diaphragm moving downward and increasing thoracic volume directly influences the dynamic nature of airflow into the lungs, allowing for gas exchange to occur efficiently. Understanding this mechanism is essential in grasping the overall functioning of the respiratory system during inhalation.